src/tools/clippy/clippy_lints/src/suspicious_xor_used_as_pow.rs

use clippy_utils::diagnostics::span_lint_and_sugg;
use clippy_utils::numeric_literal::NumericLiteral;
use clippy_utils::source::snippet;
use rustc_ast::LitKind;
use rustc_errors::Applicability;
use rustc_hir::{BinOpKind, Expr, ExprKind};
use rustc_lint::{LateContext, LateLintPass, LintContext};
use rustc_middle::lint::in_external_macro;
use rustc_session::{declare_lint_pass, declare_tool_lint};

declare_clippy_lint! {
    /// ### What it does
    /// Warns for a Bitwise XOR (`^`) operator being probably confused as a powering. It will not trigger if any of the numbers are not in decimal.
    /// ### Why is this bad?
    /// It's most probably a typo and may lead to unexpected behaviours.
    /// ### Example
    /// ```no_run
    /// let x = 3_i32 ^ 4_i32;
    /// ```
    /// Use instead:
    /// ```no_run
    /// let x = 3_i32.pow(4);
    /// ```
    #[clippy::version = "1.67.0"]
    pub SUSPICIOUS_XOR_USED_AS_POW,
    restriction,
    "XOR (`^`) operator possibly used as exponentiation operator"
}
declare_lint_pass!(ConfusingXorAndPow => [SUSPICIOUS_XOR_USED_AS_POW]);

impl LateLintPass<'_> for ConfusingXorAndPow {
    fn check_expr(&mut self, cx: &LateContext<'_>, expr: &Expr<'_>) {
        if !in_external_macro(cx.sess(), expr.span)
            && let ExprKind::Binary(op, left, right) = &expr.kind
            && op.node == BinOpKind::BitXor
            && left.span.eq_ctxt(right.span)
            && let ExprKind::Lit(lit_left) = &left.kind
            && let ExprKind::Lit(lit_right) = &right.kind
            && matches!(lit_right.node, LitKind::Int(..) | LitKind::Float(..))
            && matches!(lit_left.node, LitKind::Int(..) | LitKind::Float(..))
            && NumericLiteral::from_lit_kind(&snippet(cx, lit_right.span, ".."), &lit_right.node)
                .is_some_and(|x| x.is_decimal())
        {
            span_lint_and_sugg(
                cx,
                SUSPICIOUS_XOR_USED_AS_POW,
                expr.span,
                "`^` is not the exponentiation operator",
                "did you mean to write",
                format!("{}.pow({})", lit_left.node, lit_right.node),
                Applicability::MaybeIncorrect,
            );
        }
    }
}